The first half of the MIDI command byte (the three bits following the MSB) sets the type of command. ![]() MIDI commands are further broken down by the following system: This MSB is how a MIDI instrument differentiates between a command byte and a data byte. Unlike data bytes, MIDI command bytes always start with a 1 as the MSB. MIDI command bytes range from 128 to 255, or 1000000 to 11111111 in binary. Convert these numbers to binary and we see they range from 00000000 to 01111111, the important thing to notice here is that they always start with a 0 as the most significant bit (MSB). For example a command byte might tell a MIDI instrument that it going to send information about pitchbend, and the data byte describes how much pitchbend. ![]() The command byte tells the MIDI instrument what type of message is being sent and the subsequent data byte(s) store the actual data. MIDI messages are comprised of two components: commands and data bytes. ![]() A really basic overview of MIDI terms and concepts is given here.
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